Important Formulas - Boats and Streams
"Upstream" and "downstream" are business terms applicable to the production processes that exist within several industries. Industries that commonly use this terminology include the metals industry, oil, gas� In some instances, a company may find it more efficient and cost-effective to combine the downstream and upstream process by controlling all aspects of production. This is known as vertical integration because one management team at one location supervises the upstream and downstream aspects of production. For example, in the petroleum industry, one company could own a refinery to mine for raw materials and a processing facility to refine the materials and turn them into petroleum. This video gives the basic concept and practical meaning of Upstream and Downstream and gives the formula for Net Speed in both Upstream and Downstream. We will concentrate on the upstream and downstream formula along with upstream processing. So, let us try to understand it well to get the right idea about it. It is important to know that one of the most common topics based on which questions are asked in the various Government exams is the boat and stream. In the quantitative aptitude section of the Government exams, the boat and stream questions are frequently asked where the weightage of questions is between marks.� The candidates need to learn these formulas to answer the simple formula based questions correctly without leaving any chances of losing marks for direct questions. Upstream = (u?v) km/hr. Here �u� indicates the speed of the boat in still water where �v� indicates the speed of the stream.

Dear Reader, problems under boats and streams are not only easy to solve but interesting as well. In this tutorial, you will see 5 important types of problems.

At the end of the tutorial, you will find short online practice test. Let us begin the tutorial now. In this type, you will be finding speed of boat in still water i. You have to remember a very simple formula as shown below. Find the speed of the boat in still water. Solution: From the question, you can write down the below values. You have to substitute the above values in the below formula.

This type is similar to type 1. But there is one difference. Here you have to find speed of stream and not the speed of the boat. You have to use the below formula to find speed of stream. Example Question 2: A man rows downstream 30 km and upstream 12 km. If he takes 4 hours to cover each distance, then the velocity of the current is:.

Solution: In this question, downstream and upstream speeds are not given directly. Hence you have to calculate them first.

Step 3: Calculation of speed of stream You have to substitute values got in steps 1 and 2 in below formula to find the speed of the stream. In this type, you have to find distance of places based on given conditions. Below example will help you to understand better. If in a river running at 2 km an hour, it takes him 40 minutes to row to a place and return back, how far off is the place?

The man rows to a particular place and comes back. You have to calculate the distance of this place. Let this distance be X. See the below diagram to understand clearly.

Man starts from A, travels to B and comes back. Therefore, above equation becomes,. Also we have calculated downstream and upstream speeds at the start see values 1 and 2. In question, you can see that the man takes 40 minutes to travel to B and come back to A. You have to convert this to hours and apply in above equation.

We are converting from minutes to hours because we are using speed values in km per hour units. It takes him twice as long to row up as to row down the river. Find the rate of the stream. Solution: Step 1: Calculate upstream and downstream speeds.

Based on our assumptions, you can easily calculate upstream and downstream speeds as shown below. In this type, you have to form linear equations based on conditions given.

You have to solve those equations to find the answer. Example Question 5: Kavin can row 10 km upstream and 20 km downstream in 6 hours. Also, he can row 20 km upstream and 15 km downstream in 9 hours. Find the rate of the current and the speed of the man in still water. Solution: You have to make below assumptions to form equations.

You already know the below equation. If you are not clear about this, refer to the equation in type 3. Note: To solve such linear equations, there is another simple shortcut.

Here is the video link to that shortcut. From the values of u and v, you can find the downstream and upstream speeds as shown below. Also, you know the formula for speed of the current. Ready for short practice test? Start Test Here. You can type your doubts in the comments section below. You can also suggest improvements to the above tutorial. Homepage Tutorials. Tags: Boats and Streams Problems.

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